The complete 1 to 12 multiplication table in one grid — plus how to read it, the patterns worth memorising and a print-ready version.
A multiplication table (also called a times table) puts every product of two whole numbers into one grid. The version below runs 1 to 12, which is the range most schools expect students to know by heart by the end of primary school — it covers the 12-hour clock, dozens, and feet-to-inches conversions, so it stays useful well beyond the maths lesson.
| × | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 2 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 24 |
| 3 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 27 | 30 | 33 | 36 |
| 4 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 40 | 44 | 48 |
| 5 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | 60 |
| 6 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 24 | 30 | 36 | 42 | 48 | 54 | 60 | 66 | 72 |
| 7 | 7 | 14 | 21 | 28 | 35 | 42 | 49 | 56 | 63 | 70 | 77 | 84 |
| 8 | 8 | 16 | 24 | 32 | 40 | 48 | 56 | 64 | 72 | 80 | 88 | 96 |
| 9 | 9 | 18 | 27 | 36 | 45 | 54 | 63 | 72 | 81 | 90 | 99 | 108 |
| 10 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| 11 | 11 | 22 | 33 | 44 | 55 | 66 | 77 | 88 | 99 | 110 | 121 | 132 |
| 12 | 12 | 24 | 36 | 48 | 60 | 72 | 84 | 96 | 108 | 120 | 132 | 144 |
Tip: use your browser's print dialog (Ctrl/Cmd P) — the grid prints clean and full-width on one page.
Find the first number down the left-hand column and the second number along the top row. The cell where that row and column meet is the product. So 7 × 8 = row 7, column 8 = 56. Because multiplication is commutative, the grid is symmetric about the diagonal — 7 × 8 and 8 × 7 land on the same product, which is why only half the grid really needs memorising.
| Pattern | What it looks like |
|---|---|
| Squares | Down the diagonal: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144 |
| Nines | The digits of every multiple of 9 add up to 9 (9, 18, 27 … 108 → 1+0+8 = 9) |
| Fives | Every multiple of 5 ends in 0 or 5 |
| Elevens (1-9) | Doubled digits: 11, 22, 33 … 99 |
| Even × even | Always lands on the same even column and row — useful for checking a guess |
A grid that shows the product of every pair of numbers from 1 to a chosen limit. Reading row 6, column 7 gives 6 × 7 = 42. Teachers use it as the reference chart students work towards memorising.
12 is the traditional limit because of how common dozens, feet and inches, and clock hours are in everyday measurement. Going to 12 covers 11 and 12, the two rows students most often miss when tables stop at 10.
Memorised. Fluent recall of single-digit products is what frees up working memory for the actual problem in long multiplication, fractions and algebra. Use the table as a checking reference, not a lookup crutch.
Nothing — the terms are used interchangeably. Smaller grids (10×10, 12×12) are usually called tables; larger reference grids (20×20 and up) are more often called charts.